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OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances, including containers (LXC, Solaris Containers, AIX WPARs, HP-UX SRP Containers, Docker, Podman), zones (Solaris Containers), virtual private servers (), partitions, virtual environments (VEs), virtual kernels (DragonFly BSD), and jails ...
The company, which was purchased by Cisco earlier this year for $3.7 billion, wants to help customers using Docker containers pinpoint performance issues. The problem with containers is that there ...
A software based shadow page table is a common solution to reduce translation overhead compared to double translation. Shadow page tables translate guest virtual addresses directly to host physical addresses. Each VM has a separate shadow page table and the hypervisor is in charge of managing them.
^ OS-level virtualization is described as "native" speed, however some groups have found overhead as high as 3% for some operations, but generally figures come under 1%, so long as secondary effects do not appear. ^ See [20] for a paper comparing performance of paravirtualization approaches (e.g. Xen) with OS-level virtualization
Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. [5] The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine. [6] It was first released in 2013 and is developed by Docker, Inc. [7]
Paravirtualization improves performance and efficiency, compared to full virtualization, by having the guest operating system communicate with the hypervisor. By allowing the guest operating system to indicate its intent to the hypervisor, each can cooperate to obtain better performance when running in a virtual machine.
This creates a so-called protocol overhead as the additional data does not contribute to the intrinsic meaning of the message. [5] [6] In telephony, number dialing and call set-up time are overheads. In two-way (but half-duplex) radios, the use of "over" and other signaling needed to avoid collisions is an overhead.
Granularity affects the performance of parallel computers. Using fine grains or small tasks results in more parallelism and hence increases the speedup. However, synchronization overhead, scheduling strategies etc. can negatively impact the performance of fine-grained tasks. Increasing parallelism alone cannot give the best performance. [5]