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Borderline personality disorder, as outlined in the DSM-5, manifests through nine distinct symptoms, with a diagnosis requiring at least five of the following criteria to be met: [32] Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined emotional abandonment.
Tension headache, stress headache, or tension-type headache (TTH), is the most common type of primary headache. The pain usually radiates from the lower back of the head, the neck, the eyes, or other muscle groups in the body typically affecting both sides of the head. Tension-type headaches account for nearly 90% of all headaches.
The Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder (ZAN-BPD) is a standardized, diagnostic rating scale designed to measure the severity and changes in the symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) over time. [1] [2] The assessment was developed by Mary Zanarini and her colleagues at McLean Hospital and released in 2003. [3]
The change in preferred nomenclature can be traced to 1994 when the DSM-IV removed the term in favor of the more holistic "Pain Disorder" section. [4] The ICD-11 made a similar change, as mentioned above. It is important to note that this change is not universal, and is mostly confined to the English-speaking medical community.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM; latest edition: DSM-5-TR, published in March 2022) [1] is a publication by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) for the classification of mental disorders using a common language and standard criteria. It is an internationally accepted manual on the diagnosis and treatment of ...
Other specified personality disorder – disorder which meets the general criteria for a personality disorder but fails to meet the criteria for a specific disorder, with the reason given Unspecified personality disorder – disorder which meets the general criteria for a personality disorder but is not included in the DSM-5 classification
Placing the blame for predictable and common psychological distress caused by the deleterious effects of economic inequality in the United States on individuals by attributing it to mental pathology has been criticized as hindering change of the root causes of the distress. [83] The DSM-5's expansive criteria that attribute mental pathology to ...
The DSM-5 criteria for somatic symptom disorder includes "one or more somatic symptoms which are distressing or result in substantial impairment of daily life." Additional criteria, often known as B criteria, include "excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors regarding somatic symptoms or corresponding health concerns manifested by ...