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Inferiorly, it becomes continuous with the anterior sacrococcygeal ligament. [3] Superiorly, between the skull and atlas, the ligament is continuous laterally with the anterior atlantooccipital membrane. [4] The ligament is thick and slightly more narrow over the vertebral bodies and thinner but slightly wider over the intervertebral discs. [5]
Anterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale anterius), which runs down the anterior surface of the spine Posterior longitudinal ligament (ligamentum longitudinale posterius), which is situated within the vertebral canal, and extends along the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebrae
In the spine, there is bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament and sometimes the posterior longitudinal ligament, which may lead to partial or complete fusion of adjacent vertebrae. The facet and sacroiliac joints tend to be uninvolved. The thoracic spine is the most common level involved. [2]
The articular capsule of the knee joint is the wide and lax joint capsule of the knee. It is thin in front and at the side, and contains the patella, ligaments, menisci, and bursae of the knee. [1] The capsule consists of an inner synovial membrane, and an outer fibrous membrane separated by fatty deposits anteriorly and posteriorly. [2]
Traumatic events: Sudden twisting or pivoting movements with the knee in flexion and rotation. Degenerative knees: Less commonly, a bucket-handle tear can occur in older individuals with preexisting meniscal degeneration. The injury frequently occurs in conjunction with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears.
The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a ligament on the lateral aspect of the human knee, anterior to the fibular collateral ligament. [ 1 ] Perhaps the earliest account of the ALL was written by French surgeon Paul Segond in 1879, in which he described a ligamentous structure between the lateral femur and tibia.
Injuries to the PLC often occur in combination with other ligamentous injuries to the knee; most commonly the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). [2] As with any injury, an understanding of the anatomy and functional interactions of the posterolateral corner is important to diagnosing and treating the injury.
They are tendinous and blend with the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column. The right crus, larger and longer than the left, arises from the front of the bodies and intervertebral fibrocartilages of the upper three lumbar vertebrae. The left crus arises from the corresponding parts of the upper two lumbar vertebrae only.
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