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Shannon–Weaver model of communication [86] The Shannon–Weaver model is another early and influential model of communication. [10] [32] [87] It is a linear transmission model that was published in 1948 and describes communication as the interaction of five basic components: a source, a transmitter, a channel, a receiver, and a destination.
In Schramm's model, communication is only possible if the fields of experience of sender and receiver overlap. [24] [25] Schramm's model of communication is another significant influence on Berlo's model. It was first published by Wilbur Schramm in 1954. For Schramm, communication starts with an idea in the mind of the source.
The four-sides model (also known as communication square or four-ears model) is a communication model postulated in 1981 by German psychologist Friedemann Schulz von Thun. According to this model every message has four facets though not the same emphasis might be put on each.
A model of communication is a simplified presentation that aims to give a basic explanation of the process by highlighting its most fundamental characteristics and components. [16] [8] [17] For example, James Watson and Anne Hill see Lasswell's model as a mere questioning device and not as a full model of communication. [10]
In this model, the use of communication skills is applied to his theory for the source to communicate effectively he/she needs to have good communication skills. Communication skills should include listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It is important to know how to effectively communicate to apply this model.
Barnlund's model of interpersonal communication. The orange circles represent the communicators. The other colored areas symbolize different types of cues. Communication takes place by decoding cues (orange arrows) and encoding behavioral responses (yellow arrows). Barnlund's model is an influential transactional model of communication. It was ...
Schramm's model of communication was published by Wilbur Schramm in 1954. It is one of the earliest interaction models of communication. [1] [2] [3] It was conceived as a response to and an improvement over earlier attempts in the form of linear transmission models, like the Shannon–Weaver model and Lasswell's model.
Primary, alternate, contingency and emergency (PACE) is a methodology used to build a communication plan. [1] The method requires the author to determine the different stakeholders or parties that need to communicate and then determine, if possible, the best four, different, redundant forms of communication between each of those parties.