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The UK has about 73,000 goats, mostly as milk producers; this number is relatively small by EU standards. [Notes 1] Venison production in the UK is mainly from red deer, with a few fallow deer as well, but there are only about 300 venison-producing farms. As noted above, there are about 26,500 farms with chickens.
For example, using UK government Livestock Units (LUs) from the 2003 scheme [1] a particular 10 ha (25-acre) pasture field might be able to support 15 adult cattle or 25 horses or 100 sheep: in that scheme each of these would be regarded as being 15 LUs, or 1.5 LUs per hectare (about 0.6 LUs per acre).
In 2021 with 1,3988,000 metric tons, the UK ranks as the 13th largest producer of wheat in the world. [26] English farming is on the whole intensive and highly mechanised. [27] The UK produces only 60% of the food it consumes. The vast majority of imports and exports are with other Western European countries. [28]
The total number of cattle (both dairy and beef) in 2006 was 225,640, representing 23% of the breeding herds in the North-West of England; however, the number of dairy holdings was in steep decline, from 988 in 2002 to 716 in 2007. [44] [46]
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Cattle are not often kept solely for hides, and they are usually a by-product of beef production. Hides are used mainly for leather products such as shoes. In 2012, India was the world's largest producer of cattle hides. [114] Cattle hides account for around 65% of the world's leather production. [115] [116]
The number of unregistered cattle is not known. [6]: 200 Although a group of cattle is generally called a herd, a group of Highland cattle is known as a "fold". This is because in winter, the cattle were kept in open shelters made of stone called folds to protect them from the weather at night. [8]
The check digits for cattle ear tags are calculated by dividing the number obtained from the herd mark and animal number by 7 and adding one to the remainder. For example, if the UK herd mark is 303565 and the animal number is 01234, the check digit is calculated as follows: [citation needed] 30356501234 MOD 7 = 3