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The people of ancient Bengal initially spoke a Prakrit language, which was known as Magadhi, or on the contrary, Gaudi. [3] Later, it evolved into Old Bengali. Most Bengali-speaking people today consider Old Bengali to be intelligible to a certain extent, although most of the words most commonly used in modern Bengali have their roots in Old ...
Bengali is the official, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, [10] [11] [12] with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] It is the second-most widely spoken language in India .
Old Bengali was the earliest recorded form of the Bengali language, spoken in the Bengal region of eastern Indian subcontinent during the Middle Ages. It developed from a Apabhraṃśa of Magadhi Prakrit around 650 AD, and the first Bengali literary works date from the 8th century.
Bengali literature denotes the body of writings in the Bengali language, which has developed over the course of roughly 13 centuries. The earliest extant work in Bengali literature can be found within the Charyapada , a collection of Buddhist mystic hymns dating back to the 10th and 11th centuries.
Bengali is official language of Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal, Tripura and the Barak valley of Assam while Assamese and Odia are the official languages of Assam and Odisha, respectively. The Eastern Indo-Aryan languages descend from Abahattha, which descends from Magadhan Apabhraṃśa [1] and ultimately from Magadhi Prakrit.
Standard Bengali based on the Rarhi dialect is the national language of Bangladesh. The majority of Bangladeshis speak an eastern variant of Bengali. [20] Other native languages of Bangladesh include Sylheti, Rangpuri, Noakhali and Chittagonian, while some ethnic minority groups also speak Tibeto-Burman, Dravidian and Austro-Asiatic languages. [20]
Arabic has also influenced the Bengali language greatly, [11] thus it is not uncommon to hear Arabic terminology in Bangladeshi speeches and rallies. One example of this is the 7 March Speech of Bangabandhu, which makes mention of Inshallah ('God-willing') towards the end, in addition to the many Arabic-origin Bengali words used. [13]
The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language. Calcutta University Press. Grierson, George Abraham (1903). Linguistic Survey of India. Vol. V. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent, Government Printing, India. Sen, Sukumar (1957). ভাষার ইতিবৃত্ত (in Bengali). পাঁচুগোপাল রায়.