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Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) is a related term describing the patient-controlled administration of analgesic medicine in the epidural space, by way of intermittent boluses or infusion pumps. This can be used by women in labour, terminally ill cancer patients or to manage post-operative pain.
The rate is controlled by a pressure pad or button that can be activated by the patient. It is the method of choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), in which repeated small doses of opioid analgesics are delivered, with the device coded to stop administration before a dose that may cause hazardous respiratory depression is reached.
More intensive care monitoring may include: Preparation and education for the use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) units for postoperative pain control; Preparation and administration of intravenous, epidural, or perineural infusions; Invasive monitoring such as arterial lines, central venous lines, and ventriculostomies
Preventive analgesia; Patient-controlled analgesia; Perianesthesia nursing; Perioperative mortality; Post-anesthesia care unit; Postanesthetic shivering; Postoperative cognitive dysfunction; Postoperative nausea and vomiting; Postoperative residual curarization; Preanesthetic agent; Premedication; Procedural sedation and analgesia; Proctosedyl
A patient-controlled analgesia infusion pump, configured for epidural administration of fentanyl and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia. Nociception (pain sensation) is not hard-wired into the body. Instead, it is a dynamic process wherein persistent painful stimuli can sensitize the system and either make pain management difficult or ...
Several monitoring technologies allow for a controlled induction of, maintenance of, and emergence from general anaesthesia. Standard for basic anesthetic monitoring is a guideline published by the ASA, which describes that the patient's oxygenation, ventilation, circulation and temperature should be continually evaluated during anesthetic. [38]
Active and inactive μ-opioid receptors [1] Image of visual pain. Pain management is an aspect of medicine and health care involving relief of pain (pain relief, analgesia, pain control) in various dimensions, from acute and simple to chronic and challenging.
The axillary block is particularly useful in providing anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for surgery to the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. The axillary block is also the safest of the four main approaches to the brachial plexus, as it does not risk paresis of the phrenic nerve, nor does it have the potential to cause pneumothorax . [ 12 ]