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One's phage population has been called the human phageome, including the "healthy gut phageome" (HGP) and the "diseased human phageome" (DHP). [105] The active phageome of a healthy human (i.e., actively replicating as opposed to nonreplicating, integrated prophage ) has been estimated to comprise dozens to thousands of different viruses. [ 106 ]
d'Hérelle was a self-taught microbiologist. In 1917 he discovered that "an invisible antagonist", when added to bacteria on agar, would produce areas of dead bacteria. The antagonist, now known to be a bacteriophage, could pass through a Chamberland filter. He accurately diluted a suspension of these viruses and discovered that the highest ...
During the 1950s, Hershey and Chase made important discoveries on the replication of DNA during their studies on a bacteriophage called T2. Since then, the study of bacteriophages has provided insights into the switching on and off of genes, and a useful mechanism for introducing foreign genes into bacteria and many other fundamental mechanisms ...
A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to "phage") genome that is integrated into the circular bacterial chromosome or exists as an extrachromosomal plasmid within the bacterial cell. [1] Integration of prophages into the bacterial host is the characteristic step of the lysogenic cycle of temperate phages.
In 1946, Luria made a finding that was destined to open up a new insight on how the stability of DNA is achieved (see Luria, [5] pg. 96). What he discovered was that when, after UV irradiation, two or more "dead" phage entered the same bacterial cell, they often became alive again and produced normal live progeny. [9]
The phi X 174 (or ΦX174) bacteriophage is a single-stranded DNA virus that infects Escherichia coli. This virus was isolated in 1935 by Nicolas Bulgakov [ 1 ] in Félix d'Hérelle 's laboratory at the Pasteur Institute , from samples collected in Paris sewers.
Frederick William Twort FRS [1] (22 October 1877 – 20 March 1950) was an English bacteriologist and was the original discoverer in 1915 of bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). [4]
Bacteriophage Lambda Structure at Atomic Resolution [1] Enterobacteria phage λ (lambda phage, coliphage λ, officially Escherichia virus Lambda) is a bacterial virus, or bacteriophage, that infects the bacterial species Escherichia coli (E. coli). It was discovered by Esther Lederberg in 1950. [2]