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Risk factors known as of 2010 are: Quantity of alcohol taken: Consumption of 60–80 g per day (14 g is considered one standard drink in the US, e.g. 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 US fl oz or 44 mL hard liquor, 5 US fl oz or 150 mL wine, 12 US fl oz or 350 mL beer; drinking a six-pack of 5% ABV beer daily would be 84 g and just over the upper limit) for 20 years or more in men, or 20 g/day for women ...
10-20% of patients with alcoholic hepatitis progress to alcoholic liver cirrhosis every year. [10] Patients with liver cirrhosis develop liver cancer at a rate of 1.5% per year. [11] In total, 70% of those with alcoholic hepatitis will go on to develop alcoholic liver cirrhosis in their lifetimes. [10]
The diagnosis of cirrhosis in an individual is based on multiple factors. [32] Cirrhosis may be suspected from laboratory findings, physical exam, and the person's medical history. Imaging is generally obtained to evaluate the liver. [32] A liver biopsy will confirm the diagnosis; however, is generally not required. [44]
The list of conditions associated with chronic liver disease is extensive and can be categorised in the following way: [3]. Viral causes. Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), and yellow fever viruses cause acute hepatitis.
The diagnosis of acute liver failure is based on a physical exam, laboratory findings, patient history, and past medical history to establish mental status changes, coagulopathy, rapidity of onset, and absence of known prior liver disease respectively. [3]:1557
[4] [7] People may continue to drink partly to prevent or improve symptoms of withdrawal. [4] After a person stops drinking alcohol, they may experience a low level of withdrawal lasting for months. [4] Medically, alcoholism is considered both a physical and mental illness. [26] [27] Questionnaires are usually used to detect possible alcoholism.
Diagnosis is usually based on the history of events and physical examination. [6] Verification of events by witnesses may be useful. [ 6 ] Legally, alcohol intoxication is often defined as a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of greater than 5.4–17.4 mmol/L (25–80 mg/dL or 0.025–0.080%).
The most noticeable symptoms are usually those of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. [4] Most affected people show signs of end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis involves extracting the fluid via thoracentesis; after this, the fluid is analyzed to diagnose and rule out other causes. [ 7 ]