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This is a list of U.S. Supreme Court cases involving Native American Tribes.Included in the list are Supreme Court cases that have a major component that deals with the relationship between tribes, between a governmental entity and tribes, tribal sovereignty, tribal rights (including property, hunting, fishing, religion, etc.) and actions involving members of tribes.
During the Allotment Act, the Native American population reached its lowest point in history. in 1900, the Native American population in the United States was only 250,000. [9] There was also a substantial decrease in the amount of land owned by Native Americans. In 1887 the Indians had held 138 million acres (560,000 km 2).
The Civil War forged the U.S. into a more centralized and nationalistic country, fueling a "full bore assault on tribal culture and institutions", and pressure for Native Americans to assimilate. [3] In the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871, Congress prohibited any future treaties. This move was steadfastly opposed by Native Americans. [3]
Tribal–state compacts are legal agreements between U.S. state government and Native American tribes primarily used for gambling, health care, child welfare, or other affairs. They are declared necessary for any Class III gaming on Indian reservations under the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988 (IGRA).
Federalism and the State Recognition of Native American Tribes: A survey of State-Recognized Tribes and State Recognition Processes Across the United States. University of Santa Clara Law Review, Vol. 48. Sheffield, Gail (1998). Arbitrary Indian: The Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2969-7.
Passed the House on January 19, 2010 (Passed voice vote) Passed the Senate on June 23, 2010 (Passed unanimous consent) with amendment; House agreed to Senate amendment on July 21, 2010 (326-92 Roll call vote 455, via Clerk.House.gov) Signed into law by President Barack H. Obama II on July 29, 2010
Native American civil rights are the civil rights of Native Americans in the United States.Native Americans are citizens of their respective Native nations as well as of the United States, and those nations are characterized under United States law as "domestic dependent nations", a special relationship that creates a tension between rights retained via tribal sovereignty and rights that ...
[14] American Indian is defined as "a person who is a citizen or enrolled member of an American Indian tribe." The law defines American Indian tribe as "any Indian tribe federally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States Department of the Interior". The penalties are between $25 to $200 and/or imprisonment from 30 to 90 days.