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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 5 January 2025. Circumstances, mechanisms, and factors of tobacco consumption on human health "Health effects of smoking" and "Dangers of smoking" redirect here. For cannabis, see Effects of cannabis. For smoking crack cocaine, see Crack cocaine § Health issues. "Smoking and health" redirects here. For ...
Smoking is a practice in which a substance is combusted and the resulting smoke is typically inhaled to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream of a person. Most commonly, the substance used is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant, which have been rolled with a small rectangle of paper into an elongated cylinder called a cigarette.
The consumption of tobacco products and its harmful effects affect both smokers and non-smokers, [9] and is a major risk factor for six of the eight leading causes of deaths in the world, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, periodontal diseases, teeth decay and loss, over 20 different types or subtypes of cancers, strokes, several debilitating ...
Quitting smoking completely can add as much as a decade to your life, along with the positive environmental and public health impact it has by eliminating second- and third-hand smoke, Rezk-Hanna ...
They can also be consumed as snuff, chewing tobacco, dipping tobacco, and snus. Tobacco contains the highly addictive stimulant alkaloid nicotine as well as harmala alkaloids. [1] Tobacco use is a cause or risk factor for many deadly diseases, especially those affecting the heart, liver, and lungs [2] as well as many cancers.
Combined with other heart disease risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure, smoking increases the likelihood of developing heart disease even more. However, quitting can be ...
Histone modifications are another epigenetic phenomenon known to be affected by smoking. Cigarette smoke has been observed to globally alter histone modifications near the promoter regions of pro-inflammatory genes, mainly through an overall increase in acetylation. [3] [5] Cigarette smoke can alter histone acetylation through a number of pathways.
The health effects of tobacco had been debated by users, medical experts, and governments alike since its introduction to European culture. [1] Hard evidence for the ill effects of smoking became apparent with the results of several long-term studies conducted in the early to middle twentieth century, such as the epidemiology studies of Richard Doll and pathology studies of Oscar Auerbach.