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The Fundamental Law of Education, as the name suggests, is a law concerning the foundation of Japanese education.Because it acts as the basis for the interpretation and application of various laws & ordinances regarding education, it is also known as "The Education Constitution" (教育憲法, kyōiku kenpō) [1] and "The Charter of Education" (教育憲章, kyōiku kenshō). [2]
A typical Japanese high school classroom. Though upper-secondary school is not compulsory in Japan, 98.8% of all junior high school graduates enrolled as of 2020. [43] Upper secondary consists of three years. [44] Private upper-secondary schools account for about 55% of all upper-secondary schools.
An elementary school class in Japan. In Japan, elementary schools (小学校, Shōgakkō) are compulsory to all children begin first grade in the April after they turn six—kindergarten is growing increasingly popular, but is not mandatory—and starting school is considered a very important event in a child's life.
If they do not pass, they are not allowed to go to high school. Parents often send their children to cram schools (塾, juku) or private schools for test training purposes. [3] Most high schools in Japan have a numerical grading system from 5 to 1, with 5 being the highest grade and 1 being the lowest. [4]
Flag of Japan. Curriculum guidelines (学習指導要領, Gakushū shidō yōryō) is a standard issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) that specifies materials taught at all of elementary, junior and senior high schools in Japan, either public or private.
Benjamin, Gail. Japanese Lessons: A Year in a Japanese School through the Eyes of an American Anthropologist and Her Children. New York: New York University Press, 1998. DeCoker, Gary, editor. National Standards and School Reform in Japan and the United States. New York: Teachers College Press, 2002. Ellington, Lucien.
The report, “The Future of Japan’s Video Industry,” forecasts the online video sector to expand at a 7% compound annual growth rate over the next five years.
Upper secondary school covers grades 10 through 12 (ages 15–18). The third year of high school in Japan is allotted for students to prepare for college exams known as "juken" (受験). Others may wish to settle for a job instead. The designation, senior high school or even high school, is also used informally. [citation needed]