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In this stage there are two surgical treatment options; total wrist arthroplasty and total wrist arthrodesis. Total wrist arthrodesis is the standard surgical treatment for patients with stage IV wrist osteoarthritis. During this procedure the carpal bones are all fused together and are then fastened to the distal radius. [14]
Arthrodesis, also known as artificial ankylosis or syndesis, is the artificial induction of joint ossification between two bones by surgery. This is done to relieve intractable pain in a joint which cannot be managed by pain medication , splints , or other normally indicated treatments.
Arthrodesis is the surgical immobilization of bones within a joint to promote fusion of the joint. [5] Arthrodesis is performed most commonly on joints of the feet, hands, and spine. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Arthrodesis can relieve pain from arthritis and fractures . [ 9 ]
Arthrodesis is the intentional creation of ankylosis in a joint. Noma —a gangrenous disease still widespread among malnourished children living on the borders of the Sahara desert —can cause ankylosis of the maxilla and mandible , impairing the ability to speak and eat.
After arthrodesis, non-union, in which fusion of the trapezium bone with the metacarpal bone fails, occurs in 8% to 21% of the cases. [27] Subluxation of a prosthesis is a complication where the prosthesis is mobile and is partially dislocated. When the prosthesis is fully dislocated it is called a luxation.
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Ankle fusion, or ankle arthrodesis, is surgery of the ankle to fuse the bones to treat arthritis and for other purposes. [1] There are different types of ankle fusion surgery. The surgery involves the use of screws, plates, medical nails, and other hardware to achieve bone union. [ 1 ]
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