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Air rarefaction in the intra-oral cavity is achieved mostly through tongue body lowering. However, instead of the front closure, the velar closure is released, allowing air to rush into the mouth from the back, either from the nasal cavity or from the post-velar cavity if the velo-pharyngeal port is closed.
In ecology, rarefaction is a technique to assess species richness from the results of sampling. Rarefaction allows the calculation of species richness for a given number of individual samples, based on the construction of so-called rarefaction curves. This curve is a plot of the number of species as a function of the number of samples.
Periapical dental radiograph showing chronic periapical periodontitis on the root of the left maxillary second premolar. Note large restoration present in the tooth, which will have undergone pulpal necrosis at some point before the development of this lesion. Specialty: Endodontics [1] Complications
Periapical granuloma, [1] also sometimes referred to as a radicular granuloma or apical granuloma, is an inflammation at the tip of a dead (nonvital) tooth. It is a lesion or mass that typically starts out as an epithelial lined cyst, and undergoes an inward curvature that results in inflammation of granulation tissue at the root tips of a dead tooth.
Idiopathic osteosclerosis, also known as enostosis or dense bone island, is a condition which may be found around the roots of a tooth, usually a premolar or molar. [2] It is usually painless and found during routine radiographs as an amorphous radiopaque (light) area around a tooth.
This condition arises as a response to dental infections, such as periapical pulp inflammation or low-intensity trauma. The lesion typically appears as a radiopacity in the periapical area due to the sclerotic reaction. While most commonly associated with non-vital teeth, condensing osteitis can also occur in vital teeth following occlusal trauma.
Rarefaction is the reduction of an item's density, the opposite of compression. [1] Like compression, which can travel in waves ( sound waves , for instance), rarefaction waves also exist in nature. A common rarefaction wave is the area of low relative pressure following a shock wave (see picture).
Other impacted teeth, especially canines or incisors, can be aligned with the rest of the dental arch by orthodontic treatment, thus regaining and retaining their mechanical and aesthetic function. In some cases, impacted teeth can be let sleeping inside the alveolus, but periodical check-ups are required for a possible pathological development.
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