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DNA primase is an enzyme involved in the replication of DNA and is a type of RNA polymerase. Primase catalyzes the synthesis of a short RNA ... For example, removing ...
The E. Coli DnaG primase is a 581 residue monomeric protein with three functional domains, according to proteolysis studies. There is an N-terminal Zinc-binding domain (residues 1–110) where a zinc ion is tetrahedrally coordinated between one histidine and three cysteine residues, which plays a role in recognizing sequence specific DNA binding sites.
The primase used in this process differs significantly between bacteria and archaea/eukaryotes. Bacteria use a primase belonging to the DnaG protein superfamily which contains a catalytic domain of the TOPRIM fold type. [34] The TOPRIM fold contains an α/β core with four conserved strands in a Rossmann-like topology.
Along the DNA template, primase intersperses RNA primers that DNA polymerase uses to synthesize DNA from in the 5′→3′ direction. [1] Another example of primers being used to enable DNA synthesis is reverse transcription. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that uses a template strand of RNA to synthesize a complementary strand of DNA.
Contains primase activity that is necessary to initiate DNA synthesis on both leading and lagging strands. DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) Required to complete synthesis of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand that have been started by DNA polymerase α. DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) The leading strand polymerase. Synthesizes DNA at the replication ...
Not only is the general topology conserved, the two also share a bifunctional primase-and-PCNA-binding PIP-box sequence on the C-terminus, similar to both eukaryotic Polα and Polε. [37] In 1998, the family D of DNA polymerase was discovered in Pyrococcus furiosus and Methanococcus jannaschii. [38]
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For example, a mutation related to primase affects RNA primer removal and can make the DNA strand more fragile and susceptible to breaks. Another mutation concerns polymerase α, which impairs the editing of the Okazaki fragment sequence and incorporation of the protein into the genetic material.