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  2. Homogeneity and heterogeneity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity

    Homogeneous reactions are chemical reactions in which the reactants and products are in the same phase, while heterogeneous reactions have reactants in two or more phases. Reactions that take place on the surface of a catalyst of a different phase are also heterogeneous. A reaction between two gases or two miscible liquids is homogeneous.

  3. Homogenization (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogenization_(biology)

    In histopathology, pathologic homogenization is seen as a loss of variations, such as of collagen in lichen sclerosus (pictured).. Homogenization, in cell biology or molecular biology, is a process whereby different fractions of a biological sample become equal in composition.

  4. Hydrogenation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenation

    The reaction depicted below describes the hydrogenation of benzophenone: A chemical kinetics study [34] found this reaction is first-order in all three reactants suggesting a cyclic 6-membered transition state. Another system for metal-free hydrogenation is based on the phosphine-borane, compound 1, which has been called a frustrated Lewis pair.

  5. Nucleation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleation

    For homogeneous nucleation the nucleus is approximated by a sphere, but as we can see in the schematic of macroscopic droplets to the right, droplets on surfaces are not complete spheres and so the area of the interface between the droplet and the surrounding fluid is less than a sphere's . This reduction in surface area of the nucleus reduces ...

  6. Homogeneity (disambiguation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneity_(disambiguation)

    Homogeneous catalysis, a sequence of chemical reactions that involve a catalyst in the same phase as the reactants Homogeneous (chemistry) , a property of a mixture showing no variation in properties Homogenization (chemistry) , intensive mixing of mutually insoluble substance or groups of substance to obtain a soluble suspension or constant

  7. Biocatalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocatalysis

    As a result, biocatalytic reactions tend to be "cleaner" and laborious purification of product(s) from impurities emerging through side-reactions can largely be omitted. Regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity : Due to their complex three-dimensional structure, enzymes may distinguish between functional groups which are chemically situated in ...

  8. Biotic homogenization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotic_Homogenization

    Biotic homogenization is the process by which two or more spatially distributed ecological communities become increasingly similar over time. This process may be genetic, taxonomic, or functional, and it leads to a loss of beta (β) diversity. [1]

  9. Biological thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_thermodynamics

    Biological thermodynamics (Thermodynamics of biological systems) is a science that explains the nature and general laws of thermodynamic processes occurring in living organisms as nonequilibrium thermodynamic systems that convert the energy of the Sun and food into other types of energy.