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During an extrusion process it is essential to consider the surface finish of exposed product surfaces. As a general rule, the narrower an exposed surface, the more uniform its finish becomes. Webs, flanges and abrupt changes in metal thickness may show up as marks on the opposite surface of an extrusion, particularly on thin sections. The ...
Similarly, rib thickness at its base should be around 0.4 to 0.6 times the nominal wall thickness. Minimum base radius for ribs: A fillet of a certain minimum radius value should be provided at the base of a rib to reduce stress. However, the radius should not be so large that it results in thick sections.
The measurements yielded a single n(λ) and k(λ) spectra of Ge 40 Se 60. A thickness of 33.6 nm for Ge 40 Se 60 on the oxidized silicon substrate was found, while a thickness of 34.5 nm of Ge 40 Se 60 on the silicon substrate was found. In addition the thickness of the oxide layer was determined to be 166 nm.
MIL-T-27730A (an obsolete military specification still commonly used in industry in the US) requires a minimum thickness of 3.5 mils and a minimum PTFE purity of 99%. [3] The second standard, A-A-58092, [ 4 ] is a commercial grade which maintains the thickness requirement of MIL-T-27730A and adds a minimum density of 1.2 g/cm 3 . [ 4 ]
Because both grades guarantee a minimum piece thickness – at least 1 ⁄ 4 inch (6.35 mm) for HMS 1, and 1 ⁄ 8 inch (3.175 mm) for HMS 2 – consignments have a high density. Both also have defined maximum dimensions (usually 60 in × 24 in or 1,524 mm × 610 mm), and should be prepared to facilitate handling and charging to a furnace.
Tear resistance of a geomembrane becomes important when it is exposed to high winds or handling stress during installation. There are various ASTM methods for measuring tear resistance of geomembranes, with most common reports using ASTM D1004. Typical tear resistances show a value of 40 to 45 lb for 60-mil HDPE and 50 to 60 lb for 80-mil HDPE ...
, where is the minimum necessary thickness, the fracture toughness of the material and is the material yield strength. The test is performed by loading steadily at a rate such that K I increases from 0.55 to 2.75 (MPa m {\displaystyle {\sqrt {m}}} )/s.
§ The Rockwell number precedes the scale abbreviations (e.g., 60 HRC), except for the "Superficial scales" where they follow the abbreviations, separated by a ‘-’ (e.g., 30N-25). Except for testing thin materials in accordance with A623, the steel indenter balls have been replaced by tungsten carbide balls of the varying diameters.