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Buckler front and back Sword and buckler combat, plate from the Tacuinum Sanitatis illustrated in Lombardy, ca. 1390. Irish round shield. A buckler (French bouclier 'shield', from Old French bocle, boucle 'boss') is a small shield, up to 45 cm (up to 18 in) in diameter, [1] gripped in the fist with a central handle behind the boss.
From sword and buckler to sword and dagger, sword alone to two-handed sword, from polearms to wrestling (though absent in Manciolino), early 16th-century Italian fencing reflected the versatility that a martial artist of the time was supposed to have achieved. [7]
16th century woodcut of an Italian fencer wielding a Rodela/Rotella. Rodeleros ("shield bearers"), also called espadachines ("swordsmen") and colloquially known as "Sword and Buckler Men", were Spanish troops in the early 16th (and again briefly in the 17th) century, equipped with steel shields known as rodela and swords (usually of the side-sword type).
The Illuminated Fight Book, facsimile project; Walpurgis Fechtbuch (MS I.33) (wiktenauer.com) Full text of I.33 and translation (schwertfechten.ch) David Rawlings, Obsesseo: The Art of Sword and Buckler training DVD (London Longsword Academy/Boar's Tooth) A Partial, Possible Interpretation of the I.33 Manuscript by John Jordan
"Sword-sword" each fighter has a one-handed sword and no shield "Sword – buckler" fighters use a sword and buckler, first fighter to 5 hits wins. "Longsword" fighters use longswords "Nonstandard" weapons that do not fit the first two categories: halberd, two-handed ax, two-handed swords, etc. are used for fighting.
Example of an illustration of half-sword, c. 1418: Islan the monk executes a half-sword thrust against Volker the minstrel (CPG 359, fol. 46v). fol. 2r of the Cod. 44 A 8, depicting two fencers in the vom tag and alber wards. Illustration of a half-sword thrust against a mordhau in armoured longsword combat. (Plate 214) Codex Wallerstein.
Italian martial arts include all those unarmed and armed fighting arts popular in Italy between the Bronze age until the 19th century AD. It involved the usage of weapons (swords, daggers, walking stick and staff). Each weapon is the product of a specific historical era.
Swordsmanship or sword fighting refers to the skills and techniques used in combat and training with any type of sword. The term is modern, and as such was mainly used to refer to smallsword fencing , but by extension it can also be applied to any martial art involving the use of a sword.