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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is provided when the gastrointestinal tract is nonfunctional because of an interruption in its continuity (it is blocked, or has a leak – a fistula) or because its absorptive capacity is impaired. [6] It has been used for comatose patients, although enteral feeding is usually preferable, and less prone to ...
Taurolidine is an antimicrobial agent used as part of a catheter lock solution in an effort to prevent catheter infections. [4]Catheter lock solution in home parenteral nutrition (HPN) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN): catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) remains the most common serious complication associated with long-term parenteral nutrition.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a form of long-term nutritional treatment reserved for patients that have severe pseudo-obstruction. TPN dependent patients require frequent checkups to monitor catheter function, check liver enzyme levels, and evaluate for signs of blood infections.
It is also used in the treatment of high blood potassium, diabetic ketoacidosis, and as part of parenteral nutrition. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the vein in which it is given, high blood sugar, and swelling. [2] [3] Excess use may result in low blood sodium and other electrolyte problems ...
Parenteral nutrition and ... require immune-suppressants and sometimes require total parenteral nutrition. ... have adverse side effects and don't always help ...
In the case of long-term total-parenteral-nutrition-induced fatty liver disease, choline has been shown to alleviate symptoms. [ 36 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ] This may be due to a deficiency in the methionine cycle .
Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn from the market after approval.
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis cannot be effectively treated with bowel rest or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) alone; however, making sure the patient receives enough nutrition is crucial. [55] Enteral feeding is frequently not tolerated due to obstruction, necessitating TPN. [57]