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Today the pad is fenced off, preventing visitors from walking beneath the pad or getting close enough to read the memorial plaques. Apollo 1 plaque at LC-34. After the decommissioning of LC-34, the umbilical tower and service structure were razed, leaving only the launch platform standing at the center of the pad.
Apollo boilerplate command modules were used for tests of the launch escape system (LES) jettison tower rockets and procedures: BP-6 with Pad Abort Test-1 – LES pad abort test from launch pad; with photo. [citation needed] BP-23A with Pad Abort Test-2 – LES pad abort test of near Block-I CM; with photo. [citation needed]
The launch simulation on January 27, 1967, on pad 34, was a "plugs-out" test to determine whether the spacecraft would operate nominally on (simulated) internal power while detached from all cables and umbilicals. Passing this test was essential to making the February 21 launch date.
Apollo Pad Abort Test 2. The Apollo program included several pad abort tests for the launch escape system with a boilerplate crew module. Pad Abort Test-1 was conducted on November 7, 1963, and; Pad Abort Test-2 was conducted on June 29, 1965. Both tests were conducted at the White Sands Missile Range.
Pad Abort Test 1 was a mission to investigate the effects on the Apollo spacecraft during an abort from the pad. The launch escape system (LES) had to be able to pull the spacecraft away from an exploding rocket on the launch pad. The LES then had to gain enough altitude to allow the command module's parachutes to open, preferably with the ...
LCC has conducted launches since the unmanned Apollo 4 (Apollo-Saturn 501) launch on November 9, 1967. LCC's first launch with a human crew was Apollo 8 on December 21, 1968. NASA's Space Shuttle program also used LCC. NASA has renovated the center for Space Launch System (SLS) missions, which began in 2022 with Artemis 1.
The concept was first tested in a pad abort test conducted at SLC-40, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, on May 6, 2015. [7] SpaceX tested the system on January 19, 2020, during a full-scale simulation of a Falcon 9 rocket malfunction at Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, where it has later launched crews to the International Space Station. [8]
The crew entered the spacecraft at 13:00 on January 27, mounted atop its Saturn IB booster on Launch Pad 34 at Cape Kennedy, for a "plugs-out" test of the spacecraft. [5] The test was to demonstrate all of the space vehicle systems and procedures, which included an abbreviated countdown and flight simulation.