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In classic multihoming, [1] [2] a network is connected to multiple providers and uses its own range of addresses (typically from a Provider Independent (PI) range). The network's edge routers communicate with the providers using a dynamic routing protocol, typically BGP, which announces the network's address range to all providers.
Provider Router (P): A Provider router is also called a transit-router, it sits in an MPLS network and is responsible for establishing label-switched paths between the PE routers. [27] Provider edge router (PE): An MPLS-specific router in the network's access layer that interconnects with customer edge routers to provide layer 2 or layer 3 VPN ...
In Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), a P router or provider router is a label switch router (LSR) that functions as a transit router of the core network. [1] The P router is typically connected to one or more PE routers. Here's one scenario: A customer who has facilities in LA and Atlanta wants to connect these sites over an MPLS VPN ...
In the specific context of an MPLS-based virtual private network (VPN), LERs that function as ingress or egress routers to the VPN are often called provider edge (PE) routers. Devices that function only as transit routers are similarly called provider (P) routers. [14] The job of a P router is significantly easier than that of a PE router.
On a network with a single edge router, it is possible to implement source-specific routing by manual manipulation of routing tables. [6] With multiple routers, explicit support for source-specific routing is required in the routing protocol. As of early 2016, there are two routing protocols that implement support for source-specific routing:
The destination PE router then decapsulates the traffic and forwards it to the CE router at the destination. The backbone network is completely transparent to the customer equipment, allowing multiple customers or user communities to use the common backbone network while maintaining end-to-end traffic separation.
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