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Elementary particles are particles with no measurable internal structure; that is, it is unknown whether they are composed of other particles. [1] They are the fundamental objects of quantum field theory. Many families and sub-families of elementary particles exist. Elementary particles are classified according to their spin.
Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, also known as the Green Book, is a compilation of terms and symbols widely used in the field of physical chemistry. It also includes a table of physical constants , tables listing the properties of elementary particles , chemical elements , and nuclides , and information about conversion ...
In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle that is not composed of other particles. [1] The Standard Model presently recognizes seventeen distinct particles—twelve fermions and five bosons.
Symbol Name Meaning SI unit of measure alpha: alpha particle: angular acceleration: radian per second squared (rad/s 2) fine-structure constant: unitless beta: velocity in terms of the speed of light c: unitless beta particle: gamma: Lorentz factor: unitless photon: gamma ray: shear strain: radian
The most common symbols for a wave function are the Greek letters ψ and Ψ (lower-case and capital psi, respectively). Wave functions are complex-valued . For example, a wave function might assign a complex number to each point in a region of space.
Arc welders need to protect themselves from welding sparks, which are heated metal particles that fly off the welding surface.. In the physical sciences, a particle (or corpuscule in older texts) is a small localized object which can be described by several physical or chemical properties, such as volume, density, or mass.
Photons are massless particles that can move no faster than the speed of light measured in vacuum. The photon belongs to the class of boson particles. As with other elementary particles, photons are best explained by quantum mechanics and exhibit wave–particle duality, their behavior featuring properties of both waves and particles. [2]
Symbol Description SI base unit Dimension Comments Amount of substance: n: The quantity proportional to the number of particles in a sample, with the Avogadro constant as the proportionality constant: mole (mol) N: extensive, scalar Length: l: The one-dimensional extent of an object metre (m) L: extensive: Time: t: The duration of an event ...