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Cyanobacteria is the only prokaryotic group that performs oxygenic photosynthesis. Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria use PSI- and PSII-like photosystems, which are pigment protein complexes for capturing light. [5] Both of these photosystems use bacteriochlorophyll. There are multiple hypotheses for how oxygenic photosynthesis evolved.
Photosynthesis (/ ˌ f oʊ t ə ˈ s ɪ n θ ə s ɪ s / FOH-tə-SINTH-ə-sis) [1] is a system of biological processes by which photosynthetic organisms, such as most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, convert light energy, typically from sunlight, into the chemical energy necessary to fuel their metabolism.
Cyanobacteria are globally widespread photosynthetic prokaryotes and are major contributors to global biogeochemical cycles. [25] They are the only oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes, and prosper in diverse and extreme habitats. [26] They are among the oldest organisms on Earth with fossil records dating back at least 2.1 billion years. [27]
Photosynthesis is the main means by which plants, algae and many bacteria produce organic compounds and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water (green arrow). An autotroph is an organism that can convert abiotic sources of energy into energy stored in organic compounds , which can be used by other organisms .
Cyanobacteria, which are prokaryotic organisms which carry out oxygenic photosynthesis, occupy many environmental conditions, including fresh water, seas, soil, and lichen. Cyanobacteria carry out plant-like photosynthesis because the organelle in plants that carries out photosynthesis is derived from an [4] endosymbiotic cyanobacterium. [5]
An alternative model is that extant prokaryotes evolved from more complex eukaryotic ancestors through a process of simplification. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] [ 42 ] Another view is that the three domains of life arose simultaneously, from a set of varied cells that formed a single gene pool.
Some bacteria (cyanobacteria), some eukaryotes (eukaryotic algae, land plants). Photosynthesis. Breaking Chemical Compounds Chemo-Organic-organo-Organic-heterotroph: Chemo organo heterotroph: Predatory, parasitic, and saprophytic prokaryotes. Some eukaryotes (heterotrophic protists, fungi, animals) Carbon dioxide-autotroph: Chemo organo autotroph
[28] [29] The primary function of pigments in plants is photosynthesis, which uses the green pigment chlorophyll and several colourful pigments that absorb as much light energy as possible. Chlorophyll is the primary pigment in plants; it is a chlorin that absorbs yellow and blue wavelengths of light while reflecting green. It is the presence ...