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If an airplane's altitude at time t is a(t), and the air pressure at altitude x is p(x), then (p ∘ a)(t) is the pressure around the plane at time t. Function defined on finite sets which change the order of their elements such as permutations can be composed on the same set, this being composition of permutations.
The Jordan–Chevalley decomposition of an element in algebraic group as a product of semisimple and unipotent elements; The Bruhat decomposition = of a semisimple algebraic group into double cosets of a Borel subgroup can be regarded as a generalization of the principle of Gauss–Jordan elimination, which generically writes a matrix as the product of an upper triangular matrix with a lower ...
The book includes some irrational numbers below 10 but concentrates on integers, and has an entry for every integer up to 42. The final entry is for Graham's number . In addition to the dictionary itself, the book includes a list of mathematicians in chronological sequence (all born before 1890), a short glossary , and a brief bibliography .
On Numbers and Games is a mathematics book by John Horton Conway first published in 1976. [1] The book is written by a pre-eminent mathematician, and is directed at other mathematicians. The material is, however, developed in a playful and unpretentious manner and many chapters are accessible to non-mathematicians.
A polynomial decomposition may enable more efficient evaluation of a polynomial. For example, + + + + + + + = () (+ +) can be calculated with 3 multiplications and 3 additions using the decomposition, while Horner's method would require 7 multiplications and 8 additions.
In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions with a simpler denominator.
A matrix coefficient of the group G is a complex-valued function on G given as the composition = where π : G → GL(V) is a finite-dimensional group representation of G, and L is a linear functional on the vector space of endomorphisms of V (e.g. trace), which contains GL(V) as an open subset.
In abstract algebra, a decomposition of a module is a way to write a module as a direct sum of modules.A type of a decomposition is often used to define or characterize modules: for example, a semisimple module is a module that has a decomposition into simple modules.