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Friedrich Bergius, also a German chemist, invented direct coal liquefaction (DCL) as a way to convert lignite into synthetic oil in 1913. Coal liquefaction was an important part of Adolf Hitler 's four-year plan of 1936, and became an integral part of German industry during World War II . [ 4 ]
Although there were proposals to convert the Matylda Coal Mine into a historical monument, these were ultimately abandoned; by 1974 the former coal mine was merged with the new Śląsk Coal Mine in Ruda Śląska, with the experienced crew of the former Matylda Coal Mine making significant contributions during the coal mine's establishment. [7]
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One of the main methods of direct conversion of coal to liquids by hydrogenation process is the Bergius process. [33] In this process, coal is liquefied by heating in the presence of hydrogen gas (hydrogenation). Dry coal is mixed with heavy oil recycled from the process. Catalysts are typically added to the mixture.
The UK patent office have advised that the full patent application GB2501074 by Portman Energy be published 16 October 2013. A wide variety of coals are amenable to the UCG process and coal grades from lignite through to bituminous may be successfully gasified. A great many factors are taken into account in selecting appropriate locations for ...
Known as the Eastman Integrated Coal Gasification facility, it first opened in 1983 and is designed to process syngas from the gasification of Southwest Virginia and Eastern Kentucky coal, using Texaco gasifiers (now GE gasifier technology [15]). The intermediate products of syngas conversion are methanol and CO; these are further converted ...
Carbochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies the transformation of coal (bituminous coal, coal tar, anthracite, lignite, graphite, and charcoal) into useful products and raw materials. [1] The processes that are used in carbochemistry include degasification processes such as carbonization and coking , gasification processes, and ...
Coal is cleaned, crushed and fed to the slurry dryer, where water is removed. The dry crushed coal is slurried with the hydrogen donor recycle solvent. The coal slurry is treated with hydrogen and heated in a liquefaction slurry furnace. The liquefaction occurs at 840 °F (449 °C) and 2,000 pounds per square inch (14,000 kPa).