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Laryngeal cancer is a kind of cancer that can develop in any part of the larynx (voice box). It is typically a squamous-cell carcinoma , reflecting its origin from the epithelium of the larynx. The prognosis is affected by the location of the tumour.
Laryngeal cancer begins in the larynx, or "voice box", and is the second most common type of head and neck cancer encountered. [5] Cancer may occur on the vocal folds themselves ("glottic" cancer) or on tissues above and below the true cords ("supraglottic" and "subglottic" cancers, respectively).
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. [1] These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts .
In 2015, squamous cell cancer of the head and neck region was the fifth most common cancer other than skin cancer, globally, with an annual incidence of 600,000 cases and about 60,000 cases annually in the United States and Europe. [218] The global incidence of pharyngeal cancer in 2013 was estimated at 136,000 cases.
Oropharyngeal cancer, [1] [2] [3] also known as oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and tonsil cancer, [1] is a disease in which abnormal cells with the potential to both grow locally and spread to other parts of the body are found in the oral cavity, in the tissue of the part of the throat that includes the base of the tongue, the tonsils, the soft palate, and the walls of the pharynx.
Carcinoma of the tonsil is a type of squamous cell carcinoma. The tonsil is the most common site of squamous cell carcinoma in the oropharynx. It comprises 23.1% of all malignancies of the oropharynx. [1] The tumors frequently present at advanced stages, and around 70% of patients present with metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. [2].
Cancers of the mouth (lip and tongue), larynx (voice box), pharynx (throat), salivary glands, and nose/nasal passages are generally known as head and neck cancer.These cancers typically form in the squamous cells, which are the cells lining the moistened, mucosal locations of the head and neck, such as the nose, mouth and throat. [2]
The following is a list of cancer types. Cancer is a group of diseases that involve abnormal increases in the number of cells , with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [ 1 ]