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This is a list of the cattle breeds considered in India to be wholly or partly of Indian origin. Some may have complex or obscure histories, so inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Indian. Cows from these breeds are often called Desi cows.
As of 2018 the ICAR recognized 50 breeds that are indigenous in India, [1] [2] of which two cattle breeds and three buffalo breeds were added in 2018. [3] Local conservation programs are endeavouring to maintain the purity of breeds such as Tharparkar, [4] dwarf cattle such as Kasaragod, and Kankrej, Amrit Mahal and Kangayam. [5]
The cow is sacred in India, states Harris, not because of superstitious, capricious and ignorant beliefs, but because of real economic imperatives and cattle's role in the Indian tradition of integrated living. Cattle became essential in India, just like dogs or cars became essential in other human cultures, states Harris. [152]
Vechur cattle. Vechur is a breed of zebu (Bos indicus) cattle, named after the village of Vechoor in Kerala, India.With an average length of 124 cm and height of 87 cm, it is the smallest cattle breed in the world according to the Guinness Book of Records, [1] and is valued for the larger amount of milk it produces relative to the amount of food it requires.
The cattle are used for draught power and for milk production. [2] Milk yields and milk composition are highly variable; on average, cows give 546 kg of milk in a lactation of 263 days, or approximately 2.07 kg per day, with an average fat content of 5%.
Haryanvi bull Haryanvi cow. Hariana (Hindi: हरियाना) or haryanvi is an Indian breed of cow native to North India, specially in the state of Haryana.They produce about 10 to 15 litres of milk a day, compared to 8.9 litres when cross-bred with Holstein Friesian cattle (HS), whereas pure HS can produce 50 litres a day, but it is not as disease-resistant in the conditions of North India.
The gaur (Bos gaurus; / ɡ aʊər /) is a large bovine native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. . The global population was estimated at a maximum of 21,000 mature individuals in 2016, with the majority of those existing in India
The Kangayam or Kangeyam is an Indian breed of draught cattle from the state of Tamil Nadu, in South India. [3]: 211 Its area of origin is Kongu Nadu, the region surrounding Coimbatore, close to the border between Tamil Nadu and Kerala, [4] [5]: 214 but it is distributed over a considerably wider area.