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Yellow supergiants generally have spectral types of F and G, although sometimes late A or early K stars are included. [1] [2] [3] These spectral types are characterised by hydrogen lines that are very strong in class A, weakening through F and G until they are very weak or absent in class K. Calcium H and K lines are present in late A spectra, but stronger in class F, and strongest in class G ...
Notable examples of hypergiants include the Pistol Star, a blue hypergiant located close to the Galactic Center and one of the most luminous stars known; Rho Cassiopeiae, a yellow hypergiant that is one of the brightest to the naked eye; and Mu Cephei (Herschel's "Garnet Star"), one of the largest and brightest stars known.
The two supergiants share a similar space motion to the other stars in NGC 457, but their evolutionary status and brightness makes them unlikely members. [9] Their Gaia Data Release 2 parallaxes are comparable to other stars in the cluster and consistent with the accepted distance of NGC 457, [ 16 ] and component C has been given a 70% ...
Rigel, the brightest star in the constellation Orion is a typical blue-white supergiant; the three stars of Orion's Belt are all blue supergiants; Deneb is the brightest star in Cygnus, another blue supergiant; and Delta Cephei (itself the prototype) and Polaris are Cepheid variables and yellow supergiants.
The term "hypergiant" was used as early as 1929, but not for the stars currently known as hypergiants. [1] Hypergiants are defined by their '0' luminosity class, and are higher in luminosity than the brightest supergiants of class Ia, [2] although they were not referred to as hypergiants until the late 1970s. [3]
Artist's illustration of Wezen, a yellow supergiant 1,600 light-years away in the Canis Major constellation. Delta Canis Majoris is a supergiant of class F8. Its surface temperature is around 5,818 K, [12] and it is 14 to 15 times more massive than the Sun. Its absolute magnitude is −6.77, [8] and it lies around 1,600 light-years away. It is ...
List of the largest known stars in the Magellanic Clouds Star name Solar radii (Sun = 1) Galaxy Method [a] Notes Theoretical limit of star size (Large Magellanic Cloud) ≳1,550 [9] L/T eff: Estimated by measuring the fraction of red supergiants at higher luminosities in a large sample of stars. Assumes an effective temperature of 3,545 K.
Type I Cepheid variables, more luminous still and mostly supergiants, with even longer periods; Delta Scuti variables, includes subgiant and main-sequence stars. Yellow giants may be moderate-mass stars evolving for the first time towards the red-giant branch, or they may be more evolved stars on the horizontal branch.