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Caudal (anatomical term) (from Latin cauda; tail), used to describe how close something is to the trailing end of an organism; Caudal artery, the portion of the dorsal aorta of a vertebrate that passes into the tail; Caudal cell mass, the aggregate of undifferentiated cells at the caudal end on the spine; Caudal fin, the tail fin of a fish
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on.
In human anatomy, the anatomical planes are defined in reference to a body in the upright or standing orientation. A transverse plane (also known as axial or horizontal plane ) is parallel to the ground; it separates the superior from the inferior , or the head from the feet.
The caudal artery is the portion of the dorsal aorta of a vertebrate that passes into the tail. It is analogous to the median sacral artery in humans. References
Rostral and caudal, which describe structures close to (rostral) or farther from (caudal) the nose. For example, the eyes are rostral to the back of the skull, and the tailbone is caudal to the chest. Cranial and caudal, which describe structures close to the top of the skull (cranial), and towards the bottom of the body (caudal).
In some lower animals, each arch is supplied by two cranial nerves. The nerve of the arch itself runs along the cranial side of the arch and is called post-trematic nerve of the arch. Each arch also receives a branch from the nerve of the succeeding arch called the pre-trematic nerve which runs along the caudal border of the arch.
The rostro-caudal axis of the human central nervous system (magenta in the diagram) makes a near 90° bend at the level of the midbrain and continues through the brain-stem and spinal cord. In human anatomy, the occipital lobes and the back of the head are posterior but not caudal to the frontal lobes and the face.
Caudal vertebrae are the vertebrae of the tail in many vertebrates. In birds, the last few caudal vertebrae fuse into the pygostyle, and in apes, including humans, the caudal vertebrae are fused into the coccyx. In many reptiles, some of the caudal vertebrae bear ribs, the caudal ribs, though these are often fused with the vertebrae. [1]