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Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, but its use in securing HTTPS remains the most publicly visible.
The use of SSL/TLS over TCP port 443 (by default; port can be changed) allows SSTP to pass through virtually all firewalls and proxy servers except for authenticated web proxies. [1] SSTP servers must be authenticated during the SSL/TLS phase. SSTP clients can optionally be authenticated during the SSL/TLS phase and must be authenticated in the ...
The publishing of TLS 1.3 and DTLS 1.3 obsoleted TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2. Note that there are known vulnerabilities in SSL 2.0 and SSL 3.0. In 2021, IETF published RFC 8996 also forbidding negotiation of TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and DTLS 1.0 due to known vulnerabilities. NIST SP 800-52 requires support of TLS 1.3 by January 2024.
There is no DTLS 1.1 because this version-number was skipped in order to harmonize version numbers with TLS. [2] Like previous DTLS versions, DTLS 1.3 is intended to provide "equivalent security guarantees [to TLS 1.3] with the exception of order protection/non-replayability". [11]
Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) is a Transport Layer Security (TLS) extension that allows the application layer to negotiate which protocol should be performed over a secure connection in a manner that avoids additional round trips and which is independent of the application-layer protocols.
Opportunistic TLS is an opportunistic encryption mechanism. Because the initial handshake takes place in plain text, an attacker in control of the network can modify the server messages via a man-in-the-middle attack to make it appear that TLS is unavailable (called a STRIPTLS attack). Most SMTP clients will then send the email and possibly ...
TLS-PSK uses symmetric keys, shared in advance among the communicating parties, to establish a TLS connection. There are several reasons to use PSKs: Using pre-shared keys can, depending on the ciphersuite, avoid the need for public key operations. This is useful if TLS is used in performance-constrained environments with limited CPU power.
A domain validated certificate (DV) is an X.509 public key certificate typically used for Transport Layer Security (TLS) where the domain name of the applicant is validated by proving some control over a DNS domain. [1] Domain validated certificates were first distributed by GeoTrust in 2002 before becoming a widely accepted method. [2]