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By convention, the term "normal sinus rhythm" is taken to imply that not only are the P waves (reflecting activity of the sinus node itself) normal in morphology but that all other ECG measurements are also normal. [3] [5] Criteria therefore include: Normal heart rate (classically 60 to 100 beats per minute for an adult).
A wandering atrial pacemaker can be either normal or irregular in rate, much like a sinus arrhythmia the rate is normally between 60 - 100 bpm when it is normal and less than 60 when it is slow, the distinguishing feature of this rhythm is a p wave that varies in size, shape, and direction, the PR interval can either be normal or irregular ...
Description: Schematic diagram of normal sinus rhythm for a human heart as seen on ECG, two periods forming a RR-interval. Date: 23 September 2009, 10:15 (UTC): Source
Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG [a]), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles. [4] It is an electrogram of the heart which is a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart [5] using electrodes placed on the skin.
P=P wave, PR=PR interval, QRS=QRS complex, QT=QT interval, ST=ST segment, T=T wave Wiggers with jugular venous waveform Wiggers diagram with mechanical (echo), electrical (ECG), and aortic pressure (catheter) waveforms, together with an in-ear dynamic pressure waveform measured using a novel infrasonic hemodynography technology, for a patient ...
An R wave follows as an upward deflection, and the S wave is any downward deflection after the R wave. The T wave follows the S wave, and in some cases, an additional U wave follows the T wave. To measure the QRS interval start at the end of the PR interval (or beginning of the Q wave) to the end of the S wave.
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A P wave with increased amplitude can indicate hypokalemia. [3] It can also indicate right atrial enlargement. [4] A P wave with decreased amplitude can indicate hyperkalemia. [5] P-wave changes in left and right atrial hypertrophy. Bifid P waves (known as P mitrale) indicate left-atrial abnormality - e.g. dilatation [6] or hypertrophy. [1]