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County Dublin was the first county in Ireland to be shired in the 1190s, and the city became the capital of the English Lordship of Ireland. Dublin was peopled extensively with settlers from England and Wales, and the rural area around the city, as far north as Drogheda, also saw extensive English settlement.
c.846 - St. Mary's Abbey founded on the North side of the River Liffey. 1014 – Battle of Clontarf. 1028 – Christ Church founded (approximate date). 1171 – Henry II of England in power. [3] [1] 1172 – Dublin "given charter and made centre of English Pale." [4] 1176 - Strongbow, earl of Pembroke leader of the Anglo-Norman forces, dies in ...
England, as part of the UK, joined the European Economic Community in 1973, which became the European Union in 1993. The UK left the EU in 2020. There is a movement in England to create a devolved English Parliament. This would give England a local Parliament like those already functioning for Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.
Through internal struggles and dynastic marriage alliances, the Welsh became more united until Owain Gwynedd (1100–1170) became the first Welsh ruler to use the title princeps Wallensium (prince of the Welsh). [3] After invading England, land-hungry Normans started pushing into the relatively weak Welsh Marches, setting up a number of ...
The second British Empire, founded after the loss of the Thirteen Colonies in the American Revolutionary War of the 1770s, was dramatically expanded in India, other parts of Asia, and Africa. There was little friction with other colonial powers until the 1890s. British foreign policy avoided entangling alliances. [26]
The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. [11] England is home to the two oldest universities in the English-speaking world: the University of Oxford, founded in 1096, and the University of Cambridge, founded in 1209. Both universities are ranked among the ...
The Kingdom of England was among the most powerful states in Europe during the medieval and early modern periods. Beginning in the year 886 [4] Alfred the Great reoccupied London from the Danish Vikings and after this event he declared himself King of the Anglo-Saxons, until his death in 899.
One of the oldest is Dublin Castle, which was first founded as a major defensive work on the orders of England's King John in 1204, shortly after the Norman invasion of Ireland in 1169, when it was commanded that a castle be built with strong walls and good ditches for the defence of the city, the administration of justice, and the protection ...