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UDP-galactose is the activated form of Gal, a crucial monosaccharide building block for human milk oligosaccharide (HMO). [2] The activated form of galactose (Gal) serves as a donor molecule involved in catalyzing the conversion of UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose. The conversion is a rate-limiting step essential to the pace of UDP-glucose ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine galactose phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphogalactose-uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine galactose-1-phosphotransferase , galactose-1-phosphotransferase , and galactosyl phosphotransferase .
Next, α-D-galactose is phosphorylated by galactokinase to galactose 1-phosphate. In the third step, D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase converts galactose 1-phosphate to UDP-galactose using UDP-glucose as the uridine diphosphate source. Finally, UDP-galactose 4-epimerase recycles the UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose for the transferase ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-galactose:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-alpha-D-galactosyltransferase. Other names in common use include floridoside-phosphate synthase , UDP-galactose:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate-2-D-galactosyl transferase , FPS , UDP-galactose, sn-3-glycerol phosphate:1->2' galactosyltransferase , floridoside phosphate ...
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, whereas its two products are UDP and 3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases , specifically the hexosyltransferases.
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-galactose and 2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine, whereas its two products are UDP and 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-2-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine. This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases , specifically the hexosyltransferases.
UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil. UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis . Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles , the enzyme UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase forms a UDP-glucose unit by combining glucose 1-phosphate with uridine triphosphate , cleaving a ...
GalE encodes for an epimerase that converts UDP-glucose into UDP-galactose. This is required for the formation of UDP-galactose for cell wall biosynthesis , in particular the cell wall component lipopolysaccharide, even when cells are not using galactose as a carbon/energy source. [ 4 ]