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2. Head (linguistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_(linguistics)

   In linguistics, the head or nucleus of a phrase is the word that determines the syntactic category of that phrase. For example, the head of the noun phrase boiling hot water is the noun (head noun) water. Analogously, the head of a compound is the stem that determines the semantic category of that

3. English grammar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_grammar

   English grammar is the set of structural rules of the ... Most noun phrases have a noun as their head. [5] An English noun phrase typically takes the following form ...

4. English compound - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_compound

   The English language, ... the meaning of a compound noun is a specialization of the meaning of its head. ... but a person with a head that is as hard and ...

5. Head-directionality parameter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-directionality_parameter

   English is considered to be mainly head-initial (verbs precede their objects, for example), while Japanese is an example of a language that is consistently head-final. In certain other languages, such as German and Gbe , examples of both types of head directionality occur.

6. Head-marking language - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-marking_language

   A language is head-marking if the grammatical marks showing agreement between different words of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of phrases, rather than on the modifiers or dependents. Many languages employ both head-marking and dependent-marking, and some languages double up and are thus double-marking.

7. Verb phrase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase

   In linguistics, a verb phrase (VP) is a syntactic unit composed of a verb and its arguments except the subject of an independent clause or coordinate clause.Thus, in the sentence A fat man quickly put the money into the box, the words quickly put the money into the box constitute a verb phrase; it consists of the verb put and its arguments, but not the subject a fat man.

8. Grammatical modifier - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_modifier

   In linguistics, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure [1] which modifies the meaning of another element in the structure. For instance, the adjective "red" acts as a modifier in the noun phrase "red ball", providing extra details about which particular ball is being referred to.

9. Branching (linguistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branching_(linguistics)

   This structure is both left- and right branching. It is left-branching insofar as the bar-level projection of the head (X') follows the specifier, but it is right-branching insofar as the actual head (X 0) precedes the complement. Despite these conflicting traits, most standard X-bar structures (in English) are more right-branching than left ...