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Panning can also be used in an audio mixer to reduce or reverse the stereo width of a stereo signal. For instance, the left and right channels of a stereo source can be panned straight up, which is sent equally to both the left output and the right output of the mixer, creating a dual mono signal. [citation needed]
The left and right surround speakers in the bottom line create the surround sound effect. 5.1 surround sound ("five-point one") is the common name for surround sound audio systems. 5.1 is the most commonly used layout in home theatres. [1] It uses five full-bandwidth channels and one low-frequency effects channel (the "point one"). [2]
The most common surround sound specification, the ITU's 5.1 standard, calls for 6 speakers: center (C), in front of the listener; left (L) and right (R), at angles of 60°; left surround (LS) and right surround (RS) at angles of 100–120°; and a subwoofer, whose position is not critical. [2]
Two LFE channels: LFE Left, LFE Right; Two Height channels: Left Height, Right Height; The .2 of the 10.2 refers to the addition of a second subwoofer. The system is bass managed such that all the speakers on the left side use the left sub and all the speakers on the right use the right sub. The Center and Back Surround speakers are split among ...
Panning law, or panning rule, is a recording and mixing principle that states that any signal of equal amplitude and phase that is played in both channels of a stereo system will increase in loudness up to 6.02 dBSPL, provided there is perfect response in the loudspeaker system and perfect acoustics in the room.
The left and right channels are produced through a simple matrix: left = mid + side; right = mid − side (the polarity-reversed side signal). This configuration produces a completely mono-compatible signal and, if the mid and side signals are recorded (rather than the matrixed left and right), the stereo width can be manipulated after the ...
For the left and right bands of the sound content, there are a series of vertical faders, which can be used to boost or cut specific frequency ranges. This equalizer is set to a smiley face curve, in which the mid-range sound frequencies are cut. Equalizers are also made in compact pedal-style effect units for use by electric guitarists.
However, whereas a 5.1 surround sound system combines both surround and rear channel effects into two channels (commonly configured in home theatre set-ups as two rear surround speakers), a 7.1 surround system splits the surround and rear channel information into four distinct channels, in which sound effects are directed to left and right ...