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A xerophyte (from Ancient Greek ξηρός (xērós) 'dry' and φυτόν (phutón) 'plant') is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water. Examples of xerophytes include cacti , pineapple and some gymnosperm plants.
Xerophiles are "xerotolerant", meaning tolerant of dry conditions. They can often survive in environments with water activity below 0.8; above which is typical for most life on Earth. Typically xerotolerance is used with respect to matrix drying, where a substance has a low water concentration. These environments include arid desert soils.
The fennec fox's large ears help keep it cool: when the blood vessels dilate, blood from the body cycles in and dissipates over the expanded surface area. [1]A xerocole (from Greek xēros / ˈ z ɪ r oʊ s / 'dry' and Latin col(ere) 'to inhabit'), [2] [3] [4] is a general term referring to any animal that is adapted to live in a desert.
Lechenaultia divaricata. A tumbleweed is a structural part of the above-ground anatomy of a number of species of plants.It is a diaspore that, once mature and dry, detaches from its root or stem and rolls due to the force of the wind.
Certain xerophytes, like oleander, feature stomata that are recessed as a form of protection against hot, dry desert winds, which allows the leaves to retain water more effectively. Another unique adaptation can be found in xerophytes like ocotillo , which are "leafless during most of the year, thereby avoiding excessive water loss".
The Joshua tree is called "hunuvat chiy'a" or "humwichawa" by the indigenous Cahuilla. [11] It is also called izote de desierto (Spanish, "desert dagger"). [12] It was first formally described in the botanical literature as Yucca brevifolia by George Engelmann in 1871 as part of the Geological Exploration of the 100th meridian (or "Wheeler Survey").
The grey mangrove (Avicennia marina)'s pneumatophorous aerial roots A Heptapleurum arboricola indoor bonsai soon after branch pruning to show extensive aerial roots.Banyan tree of undetermined species in Fort Myers, Florida European beech with aerial roots in a wet Scottish Glen.
The stem of a plant, especially a woody one; also used to mean a rootstock, or particularly a basal stem structure or storage organ from which new growth arises. Compare lignotuber. caudiciform Stem-like or caudex-like; sometimes used to mean "pachycaul", meaning "thick-stemmed". caudicle diminutive of caudex.