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Map of Nile tributaries in modern Sudan, showing the Yellow Nile The Nile represented in an ancient Roman mosaic found from the ruins of Pompeii. The Yellow Nile is a former tributary that connected the Ouaddaï highlands of eastern Chad to the Nile River Valley c. 8000 to c. 1000 BCE . [ 49 ]
A nilometer is a structure for measuring the Nile River's clarity and water level during the annual flood season in Egypt. [1] There were three main types of nilometers, calibrated in Egyptian cubits: (1) a vertical column, (2) a corridor stairway of steps leading down to the Nile, and (3) a deep well with a culvert. [1]
The main water supplier for the basin is Lake Victoria, located in the Great Rift Valley. [4] About 238 million people live within the Nile basin, 172 million of those inhabit rural localities. [5] In the southwestern part of the basin in South Sudan near the watershed with Congo Basin relief is made up a single large pediplain. [6]
The reservoir storage capacity is 162 km 3, including 31 km 3 dead storage at the bottom of the lake below 147 m (482 ft) above sea level, 90 km 3 live storage, and 41 km 3 of storage for high flood waters above 175 m (574 ft) above sea level. The annual sediment load of the Nile is about 134 million tons.
The dam has a length of about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) and a crest height of up to 67 metres (220 ft). It consists of concrete-faced rockfill dams on each river bank (the right bank dam is the largest part of the project, 4.3 km long and 53m high; the left bank is 1590 metres long and 50 metres high), an 883-metre (2,897 ft)-long 67-metre (220 ft)-high earth-core rockfill dam (the 'main dam') in ...
The White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيض an-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in Africa, the minor of the two main tributaries of the Nile, the larger being the Blue Nile. [4] The name "White" comes from the clay sediment carried in the water that changes the water to a pale color.
Treaties have resulted in inequitable rights to the use of Nile water between the countries of the Nile Basin. April 15, 1891 – Article III of the Anglo-Italian Protocol. Article III states that "the Italian government engages not to construct on the Atbara River, in view of irrigation, any work which might sensibly modify its flow into the ...
The people who now live along the Congo–Nile divide in South Sudan speak Central Sudanic languages, and include the Kresh people. They once lived to the west of the divide in the region to the south of Lake Chad, but were forced east and south by expanding populations further to the west. [4]