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Neural Engineering Object (Nengo) is a graphical and scripting software for simulating large-scale neural systems. [1] As the neural network software Nengo is a tool for modelling neural networks with applications in cognitive science , psychology , artificial intelligence and neuroscience .
In the field of computational neuroscience, brain simulation is the concept of creating a functioning computer model of a brain or part of a brain. [1] Brain simulation projects intend to contribute to a complete understanding of the brain, and eventually also assist the process of treating and diagnosing brain diseases .
Computational neuroscience (also known as theoretical neuroscience or mathematical neuroscience) is a branch of neuroscience which employs mathematics, computer science, theoretical analysis and abstractions of the brain to understand the principles that govern the development, structure, physiology and cognitive abilities of the nervous system.
PyNN is a simulator independent language for neural simulations, which supports NEST as well as BRIAN, NEURON, as well as neuromorphic hardware. NEST also maintains its own simulation language interpreter (SLI), which understands a simple Stack-oriented programming language that is influenced by PostScript .
As early as 2006, researchers at Georgia Tech published a field programmable neural array. [15] This chip was the first in a line of increasingly complex arrays of floating gate transistors that allowed programmability of charge on the gates of MOSFETs to model the channel-ion characteristics of neurons in the brain and was one of the first cases of a silicon programmable array of neurons.
The system can process its 1.15 billion neurons 20 times faster than a human brain. Its neuron capacity is roughly equivalent to that of an owl brain or the cortex of a capuchin monkey. Loihi-based systems can perform inference and optimization using 100 times less energy at speeds as much as 50 times faster than CPU/GPU architectures.
[7] While Blue Brain is able to represent complex neural connections on the large scale, the project does not achieve the link between brain activity and behaviors executed by the brain. In 2012, project Spaun (Semantic Pointer Architecture Unified Network) attempted to model multiple parts of the human brain through large-scale representations ...
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