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Most congenital heart defects are not associated with other diseases. [3] A complication of CHD is heart failure. [2] Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect. [3] [11] In 2015, they were present in 48.9 million people globally. [8] They affect between 4 and 75 per 1,000 live births, depending upon how they are diagnosed.
Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TO fistula or TOF) is seen in about 70 percent of patients with VACTERL association, although it can frequently occur as an isolated defect. 15 to 33 percent of patients with TO fistulas will also have congenital heart disease. However these babies usually have uncomplicated heart defects, like ...
Shone's syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect described by Shone in 1963. In the complete form, four left-sided defects are present: [1] Supravalvular mitral membrane (SVMM) Parachute mitral valve; Subaortic stenosis (membranous or muscular) Coarctation of the aorta
The condition, a critical congenital heart defect, occurs when the left side of the heart does not form correctly during pregnancy, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The AAOCA is a rare birth defect in the heart that occurs when a coronary artery arises from the wrong location on the main blood vessel, the aorta. [citation needed] Children and young adults with these defects can die suddenly, especially during or just after exercise.
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare congenital heart defect in which the left side of the heart is severely underdeveloped and incapable of supporting the systemic circulation. [2] It is estimated to account for 2-3% of all congenital heart disease. [ 3 ]
The severity of symptoms depends on the type of TGV, and the type and size of other heart defects that may be present (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus). Most babies with TGA have blue skin color (cyanosis) in the first hours or days of their lives, since dextro-TGA is the more common type.
Many children with the disorder die as infants due to severe congenital heart disease. [4] The proband of Ritscher and Schinzel's original study was still alive at the age of 21. [7] A fetus with 3C syndrome may have an umbilical cord with one umbilical artery instead of two. [3] [7]
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