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In interpersonal communication, an I-message or I-statement is an assertion about the feelings, beliefs, values, etc. of the person speaking, generally expressed as a sentence beginning with the word I, and is contrasted with a "you-message" or "you-statement", which often begins with the word you and focuses on the person spoken to.
Behaviors that are assertive in one circumstance may not be so in another". [25] More particularly, while "unassertiveness courts one set of problems, over-assertiveness creates another." [26] Assertiveness manuals recognize that "many people, when trying out assertive behavior for the first time, find that they go too far and become aggressive ...
Individuals engaging in assertive communication convey open and receptive body language with upright posture and relaxed movements. [6] Assertive communicators have a clear tone of voice and make appropriate eye contact. [6] Assertive communicators typically feel more confident and self-respecting while engaging in this type of communication. [7]
Affirmation can be indicated with the following words in English: some, certainly, already, and would rather. [4] Two examples of affirmation include (1) John is here already [4] and (2) I am a moral person. [5] These two sentences are truth statements, and serve as a representation of affirmation in English.
An exclamative is a sentence type in English that typically expresses a feeling or emotion, but does not use one of the other structures. It often has the form as in the examples below of [WH + Complement + Subject + Verb], but can be minor sentences (i.e. without a verb) such as [WH + Complement] How wonderful!.
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For much of the history of the positivist philosophy of language, language was viewed primarily as a way of making factual assertions, and the other uses of language tended to be ignored, as Austin states at the beginning of Lecture 1, "It was for too long the assumption of philosophers that the business of a 'statement' can only be to 'describe' some state of affairs, or to 'state some fact ...
The emphasis on the four layers can be meant differently and also be understood differently. So the sender can stress the appeal of the statement and the receiver can mainly receive the relationship part of the message. This is one of the main reasons for misunderstandings. [2]