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In February 2015, President François Hollande stressed the need for a nuclear deterrent in "a dangerous world". He also detailed the French deterrent as "fewer than 300" nuclear warheads, three sets of 16 submarine-launched ballistic missiles and 54 medium-range air-to-surface missiles and urged other states to show similar transparency. [60]
Countries build nuclear triads to eliminate an enemy's ability to destroy a nation's nuclear forces in a first-strike attack, which preserves their own ability to launch a second strike and therefore increases their nuclear deterrence. [2] [3] [4] Only four countries are known to have the nuclear triad: the United States, Russia, India, and China.
[citation needed] During the Cold War, the Chinese nuclear deterrent consisted of gravity bombs carried aboard H-6 bomber aircraft, missile systems such as the DF-2, DF-3, and DF-4, [31] and in the later stages of the Cold War, the Type 092 ballistic missile submarine. On June 14, 1967, China detonated its first hydrogen bomb.
Since the end of the Cold War, there has been an extension of deterrence scholarship to areas that are not specifically about nuclear weapons. [4] NATO was founded in 1949 with deterring aggression as one of its goals. [19] A distinction is sometimes made between nuclear deterrence and "conventional deterrence." [20] [21] [22] [23]
Graph of nuclear testing by year and country. From the first nuclear test in 1945, worldwide nuclear testing increased rapidly until the 1970s, when it peaked. [24] However, there was still a large amount of worldwide nuclear testing until the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. [24]
The components of a B83 nuclear bomb used by the United States. This is a list of nuclear weapons listed according to country of origin, and then by type within the states. . The United States, Russia, China and India are known to possess a nuclear triad, being capable to deliver nuclear weapons by land, sea and
The following countries have either attempted to develop, actually built, or bought weapons of mass destruction, including biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons. List [ edit ]
The "nuclear umbrella" is a guarantee by a nuclear weapons state to defend a non-nuclear allied state.The context is usually the security alliances of the United States with Australia, [1] Japan, [2] South Korea, [3] the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (much of Europe, Turkey and Canada) and the Compact of Free Association (the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau).