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To confidently evaluate a patient with vertical diplopia, it's important to understand several concepts: the biomechanics and neuroanatomy of the vertically acting extraocular muscles; the rewards of asking a patient a few, but highly informative questions that may localize the underacting extraocular muscle even before the physical examination ...
Vertical diplopia means you’re seeing extra images above or below your true vision. Horizontal diplopia is seeing doubled images side to side. How common is diplopia?
Vertical diplopia assessment involves the four remaining muscles: the superior and inferior recti and the superior and inferior oblique. CN III and IV palsies, skew deviations (with or without INO), muscle restrictions and decompensated phorias can all cause vertical diplopia. 9
Double vision can happen in one eye or both. Learn about the types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis for diplopia.
Vertical diplopia (images displaced vertically) can be due to involvement of extraocular muscles, neuromuscular junction (e.g., myasthenia gravis), or cranial nerves (e.g., CN III, IV). Myogenic involvement can occur with disease of the superior rectus, inferior rectus, superior oblique, or inferior oblique muscles alone or in combination.
People with double vision, also known as diplopia, often see two images of a single object instead of one — whether horizontal, vertical, or diagonal. Sometimes, double vision may result from an annoying but harmless condition known as strabismus. This condition is characterized by misaligned eyes. 1.
Horizontal or vertical diplopia can be the earliest and only manifestation of dysthyroid ophthalmopathy for many months. In one subgroup of thyroid patients, in a condition referred to as euthyroid ophthalmopathy, there are clinical symptoms and signs of endocrine ophthalmopathy, but no confirmatory serological abnormalites of glandular ...
Double vision, which is also called diplopia, causes people to see two of the same image—whether horizontal, vertical or diagonal—instead of one. Sometimes double vision can just be an irritating but benign problem called strabismus. Other times the condition arises from a serious medical condition.
If you notice that you have vertical double vision where one image is above the other, this may result from Graves' disease, a thyroid disorder that impacts the muscles of the eyes. If you have horizontal double vision, this usually relates to the medial or lateral rectus muscle.
Key Points. Diplopia is the perception of 2 images of a single object. Diplopia may be monocular or binocular. Monocular diplopia is present when only one eye is open. Binocular diplopia disappears when either eye is closed. Etiology of Diplopia. Monocular diplopia can occur when something distorts light transmission through the eye to the retina.