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The term sampradaya is used for branches with a particular founder-guru with a particular philosophy. [2] Hinduism has no central doctrinal authority and many practising Hindus do not claim to belong to any particular denomination or tradition. [3] Four major traditions are, however, used in scholarly studies: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism ...
Both theistic and atheistic ideas, for epistemological and metaphysical reasons, are profuse in different schools of Hinduism. The early Nyaya school of Hinduism, for example, was non-theist/atheist, [325] but later Nyaya school scholars argued that God exists and offered proofs using its theory of logic.
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The scriptures of Hinduism are the Shrutis (the four Vedas, which comprise the original Vedic Hymns, or Samhitas, and three tiers of commentaries upon the Samhitas, namely the Brahmanas, Aranyakas and Upanishads [8]); Furthermore, Hinduism is also based on the Smritis (including the Rāmāyana, the Bhagavad Gītā [part of the Mahabharata cycle ...
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z. The Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-3180-4. Mādhava Āchārya (1882). The Sarva-Darśana-Saṃgraha or Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy. Trübner's Oriental Series. Translated by E.B. Cowell and A.E. Gough. London: Trübner & Co. Müeller, Max (1899).
The schools of this tradition emphasize that the individual self (Jīvatman) is both different and not different from Brahman. [118] Notable figures in this tradition are Nimbārka (7th century) [ 63 ] [ 64 ] who founded the Dvaitadvaita school, Bhāskara (8th–9th century), Ramanuja's teacher Yādavaprakāśa , [ 72 ] Chaitanya (1486–1534 ...
Hinduism – predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. [1] Its followers are called Hindus , who refer to it as Sanātana Dharma [ 2 ] ( Sanskrit : सनातनधर्मः , lit.
The regional goddesses venerated in Hinduism are generally syncretised with Parvati, Lakshmi, or Adi Parashakti. Some of the major goddesses revered in modern Hinduism include: Yogamaya or Vindhyavasini, the embodiment of Vishnu's divine energy; Shakambhari, a goddess of vegetation; Sati, the first consort of Shiva and previous birth of Parvati.