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Neurosarcoidosis, once confirmed, is generally treated with glucocorticoids such as prednisolone. If this is effective, the dose may gradually be reduced (although many patients need to remain on steroids long-term, frequently leading to side-effects such as diabetes or osteoporosis ).
Sarcoidosis affecting the nervous system is known as neurosarcoidosis. [54] Cranial nerves are most commonly affected, accounting for about 5–30% of neurosarcoidosis cases, and peripheral facial nerve palsy, often bilateral, is the most common neurological manifestation of sarcoidosis. [54] [55] [56] It occurs suddenly and is usually transient.
Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm Headache attributed to increased intracranial pressure or hydrocephalus caused by neoplasm
Focal neurological deficits may be caused by a variety of medical conditions such as head trauma, [1] tumors or stroke; or by various diseases such as meningitis or encephalitis or as a side effect of certain medications such as those used in anesthesia. [2] Neurological soft signs are a group of non-focal neurologic signs. [3]
A migrainous infarction is a rare type of ischaemic stroke which occurs in correspondence with migraine aura symptoms. [1] Symptoms include headaches, visual disturbances, strange sensations and dysphasia, all of which gradually worsen causing neurological changes which ultimately increase the risk of an ischaemic stroke. [2]
Partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI) is a type of cerebral infarction affecting part of the anterior circulation supplying one side of the brain.. Partial anterior circulation stroke syndrome (PACS) refers to the symptoms of a patient who clinically appears to have had a partial anterior circulation infarct, but who has not yet had any diagnostic imaging (e.g. CT Scan) to confirm the ...
Facial nerve paralysis, sometimes bilateral, is a common manifestation of sarcoidosis of the nervous system, neurosarcoidosis. [ 6 ] Bilateral facial nerve paralysis may occur in Guillain–Barré syndrome , an autoimmune condition of the peripheral nervous system .
Investigations to the total type and nature of proteins reveal point to specific diseases, including multiple sclerosis, paraneoplastic syndromes, systemic lupus erythematosus, neurosarcoidosis, cerebral angiitis; [1] and specific antibodies such as aquaporin-4 may be tested for to assist in the diagnosis of autoimmune conditions. [1]
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