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In 1922, the Georgian SSR was incorporated into the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic which lasted until 1936. During its period as a Soviet Socialist Republic it was ruled by the First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party including; Samson Mamulia, Lavrentiy Beria, Candide Charkviani, Vasil Mzhavanadze and Eduard ...
Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for democratic socialism Poland (1944–1989) Polish Workers' Party Polska Partia Robotnicza: PPR Władysław Gomułka: 5 January 1942 () 16 December 1948 () Marxism–Leninism Stalinism: Merged with the Polish Socialist Party to form the Polish United Workers' Party: Polish United Workers' Party
The pistols were lubricated with West German oil and the packaging was taken from several countries around the world by KGB agents so that the weapons could not be traced back to the Soviet Union. The weapons were brought to Ireland using the ship known as the Reduktor. [51] Official IRA members also travelled to the Soviet Union for training.
In addition, IRA men around the country burned many of the stately homes of the old Protestant Anglo-Irish landed class—a policy motivated by both class antagonism and nationalist resentment against a class traditionally seen as "pro-British". The Free State Government, for its part, officially executed 77 anti-Treaty prisoners.
Cronin, Sean, The Ideology of the IRA (Ann Arbor 1972) Hart, Peter, IRA at War 1916–1923 (Oxford 2003) Hart, P, The IRA and its Enemies: Violence and Community in Cork 1916–1923 (Oxford 1998) Joy, Sinead, The IRA in Kerry 1916–1921 (Cork 2005) Liebknecht, Karl, Militarism and Anti-Militarism (1907); an English translation (Cambridge 1973).
The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA), officially known as the Irish Republican Army (IRA; Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann) and informally known as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary force that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reunification and bring about an independent republic encompassing all of Ireland.
The two-stage theory, or stagism, is a Marxist–Leninist political theory which argues that underdeveloped countries such as Tsarist Russia must first pass through a stage of capitalism via a bourgeois revolution before moving to a socialist stage. [1] Stagism was applied to countries worldwide that had not passed through the capitalist stage.
Meanwhile, in Geneva, Georgian emigres formed "Free Georgia" group, which published the newspaper with the same name and openly called for the Georgian independence. It often featured the articles of Socialist-Federalists and National Democrats. In one of its issues in 1914, it read: For a nation, the state is the only weapon for self-defense.