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The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [17] also known as the Persian Empire [17] or First Persian Empire [18] (/ ə ˈ k iː m ə n ɪ d /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 19 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 20 ] ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
The Persian Empire, about 500 BC; Persis is the central southern province with the red outline. Its main cities are Persepolis and Pasargadae . Persis ( Ancient Greek : Περσίς , romanized: Persís; Old Persian : 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 , romanized: Parsa ), [ 1 ] also called Persia proper , is a historic region in southwestern Iran , roughly ...
English: The frontier between the Roman/Byzantine and Sassanid Persian empires in Late Antiquity (4th-7th centuries). Basemap taken from Image:Arshakuni Armenia 150-en.svg. Sources: G. Greatrex & S.N.C. Lieu: The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD).
Media (Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐎭, romanized: Māda, Middle Persian: Mād) is a region of north-western Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Medes. [ N 1 ] During the Achaemenid period, it comprised present-day Iranian Azerbaijan , Iranian Kurdistan and western Tabaristan .
In 1971, Persepolis was the main staging ground for the 2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire under the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the second and last Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty. It included delegations from foreign nations in an attempt to advance the Iranian culture and history.
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The fall of the Sasanian Empire in 651 was followed by nearly a millennium without Iranian political unity, until the rise of the Safavid Empire in 1501. [ 111 ] [ 112 ] In the intervening period, the territories formerly part of the ancient Iranian empires were variously subjected to larger foreign empires or divided into several smaller ...
Spitamenes, Persian nobleman (b. 370 BC) Artabazos II, Persian general and satrap (fl. 389 BC) 327 BC. Callisthenes of Olynthus, Greek historian, great nephew and pupil of Aristotle (b. c. 360 BC) [6] 326 BC. Coenus, son of Polemocrates and son-in-law of Parmenion and one of Alexander the Great's generals in his Persian and Indian expeditions ...