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Mu'awiya I (Arabic: معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān Arabic pronunciation: [muʕaːwija ibn abiː sufjaːn]; c. 597, 603 or 605 –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death.
History of Islam in Europe, presented by Rageh Omaar: Mulouk Al-Tawa'ef 2005 TV Series Syria Early history - - What the Ancients Did for Us: 2005 Documentary UK Early history BBC Episode 1: The Islamic World. When the Moors Ruled in Europe: 2005 Documentary UK Early history Channel 4: History of Islamic Spain. Khalid ibn al-Walid: 2006 TV ...
The History of the Khalifahs who took the Right Way is a partial translation of History of the Caliphs.Its translator, Abdassamad Clarke, chose to translate the biographies of the first four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" adding to them Imam Hasan ibn Ali, because of his action in healing the divisions in the early community and, according to Sunni Muslims' opinion, legitimately handing power over ...
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
Abū ʿAmr Khalīfa ibn Khayyāṭ al-Laythī al-ʿUṣfurī (Arabic: خليفة بن خياط) (born : 160/161 AH/777 AD– died 239/240 AH/854 AD) was an Arab historian.
Rawżat aṣ-ṣafāʾ fī sīrat al-anbiyāʾ w-al-mulūk w-al-khulafāʾ (روضة الصفا في سیرة الانبياء والملوك والخلفاء, ‘The Gardens of purity in the biography of the prophets and kings and caliphs’) or Rawdatu 's-safa is a Persian-language history of the origins of Islam, early Islamic civilisation ...
But in the second volume called "History of the caliphs from the death of the messenger(s) to the decline of the umayyad", in addition to reviewing events, biography, and the origins of the first caliphs and the history of evolution of the two dynasties of the Umayyad and Abbasid, the life of Shiite Imams has also been discussed. [18] [19]
Tarikh al-khulafa (Arabic: تأريخ الخلفاء, History of the Caliphs) is the title of several works on the history of Islam: al-Imama wa al-siyasa, also known as Tarikh al-khulafa, a work attributed to Ibn Qutayba (died 889) History of the Caliphs, a work written by al-Suyuti (died 1505)