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The Act recognizes the increased use and development of Canadian water resources and the connection between Canada's water resources and the health, well-being, and prosperity of Canadians. [2] The Act received royal assent on September 30, 1970.
The Canadian Navigable Waters Act (French: Loi sur les eaux navigables canadiennes, formerly the Navigation Protection Act and beforehand the Navigable Waters Protection Act) is one of the oldest regulatory statutes enacted by the Parliament of Canada. It requires approval for any works that may affect navigation on navigable waters in Canada.
The Canada Water Act (proclaimed on September 30, 1970) provides the framework for cooperation with provinces and territories in the conservation, development, and utilization of Canada's water resources. The Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, completes the framework for the protection and of water resources.
The Canada Water Agency is not a law enforcement agency, nor does it directly wield any regulatory power. Instead, it focuses on coordination and funding. It also provides policy advice and expertise, an example of which is the modernization of the Canada Water Act, the agency's first major initiative. [6] [13]
The baselines are defined as "the low-water line along the coast or on a low-tide elevation that is situated wholly or partly at a distance not exceeding the breadth of the territorial sea of Canada from the mainland or an island," [2] and the territorial sea is defined as extending 12 nautical miles (22 km) from the points of the baselines, or such other points as may be prescribed.
The Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, completes the framework for the protection and of water resources. Environment and Climate Change Canada is the federal department in charge of conserving and protecting Canada's water resources. The Water Act (2000), a federal legislation, "supports and promotes the conservation and management ...
The Oceans Act is the key mechanism by which the Government of Canada has committed to protecting 30% of Canadian waters by 2030. [10] Canadian Geographic has found that some older than 2022 Marine Protected Areas under the act do not have strong protections against certain kinds of economic activity, including oil and gas development. [11]
] The historical background of the act can be traced to pre-Confederation to 1845, where the government of the Province of Canada first exercised authority over requiring registration for ships navigating inland waters, until it was superseded by the British Merchant Shipping Act 1854 (17 & 18 Vict. c. 104).