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As the strength of steels increases, the fracture toughness decreases, so the likelihood that hydrogen embrittlement will lead to fracture increases. In high-strength steels, anything above a hardness of HRC 32 may be susceptible to early hydrogen cracking after plating processes that introduce hydrogen.
Low hydrogen annealing, commonly known as "baking" is a heat treatment in metallurgy for the reduction or elimination of hydrogen in a material to prevent hydrogen embrittlement. Hydrogen embrittlement is the hydrogen-induced cracking of metals, particularly steel which results in degraded mechanical properties such as plasticity, ductility and ...
There is a great cost savings in using mechanical plating over electroplating on hardened workpieces, because the electroplating processes requires a pre- and post-plating operation to overcome hydrogen embrittlement problems. Moreover, because mechanical plating occurs at room temperature there is no tempering of hardened workpieces. [4]
This initial layer prevents hydrogen from penetrating deep into the steel substrate, thus avoiding the serious problems associated with hydrogen embrittlement. The value of this process and the initiation mechanism is quite useful for high strength steel, tool steels and other substrates susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement.
Hydrogen embrittlement may occur as a side effect of electroplating processes. Delayed failure is the fracture of a component under stress after an elapsed time, is a characteristic feature of hydrogen embrittlement (2). Hydrogen entry into the material may be effected during plating, pickling, phosphating, melting, casting or welding.
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The steel's resistance to hydrogen embrittlement is critical in downhole environments where exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) can lead to material degradation and failure. [ 24 ] American musical instrument string producer Ernie Ball has made a specialist type of electric guitar string out of maraging steel, claiming that this alloy provides ...
Milos Uzan scored a season-high 19 points to help No. 6 Houston rally for a 62-58 victory over No. 13 Arizona in Big 12 play on Saturday afternoon at Tucson, Ariz. L.J. Cryer added 15 points for ...