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Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth. [1] The definition of naturalization by the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration.
Birthright citizenship contrasts with citizenship acquired in other ways, for example by naturalization. [2] Birthright citizenship is explicitly guaranteed to anyone born under the legal "jurisdiction" of the U.S. federal government by the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (adopted July 9, 1868 ...
The Constitution of the United States did not define either nationality or citizenship, but in Article 1, section 8, clause 4 gave Congress the authority to establish a naturalization law. [10] Before the American Civil War and adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment , there was no other language in the Constitution dealing with nationality.
The column U.S. Citizenship indicates how the person original ascertained US citizenship. Jus soli ("right of the soil") is citizenship by birth in the United States , whereas jus sanguinis ("right of blood") here refers to citizenship through birth abroad to an American parent.
The main birthright citizenship case is from 1898, when the Supreme Court ruled that the son of lawful immigrants from China was a U.S. citizen by virtue of his birth in 1873 in San Francisco.
US citizenship's main advantage for a corporation is the protection and support of the United States government in legal or bureaucratic disputes. For example, the airline Virgin America asked the United States Department of Transportation to be treated as an American air carrier when jockeying with foreign governments for access to air routes ...
Still, renouncing citizenship is very rare; the ultrawealthy are more likely to acquire second citizenships or residencies in places like Portugal or Malta than give up their American passports ...
After 2003, the Immigration and Naturalization Service split into separate agencies under the then newly created Department of Homeland Security: Naturalization services and functions have been handled by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), immigration services and regulations have been divided between administrative (in USCIS ...
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